Mission. (Ed). Monthly: 1981-2010 normals History: 2007-2019 The Pre-ABoVE vegetation plot datasets were curated to create the Alaska Arctic Vegetation Archive (AVA-AK; Walker et al. cycle increased by 40% at Point Barrow, AK, and by 20% at Mauna Loa, HI over the period 1960–1993 [Keeling et al., 1996]. It is derived from the Iñupiat word utqiq, also used for "potato". As a contribution to the IBP, Webber ( 1978 ) described eight plant communities comprised of similar dominant species that differed in their abundance between communities. In Vegetation and Production Ecology of … Archive Center A region of tundra > 200,000 km2 in area, the arctic slope of Alaska has continuous permafrost, snow cover for 7-9 mo each year, and low relief (Britton 1966). Contents of plot environmental data. Barrow_Tundra_IBP_Species_Data_Repeat_Plots_1972.csv, Barrow_Tundra_IBP_Species_Data_Single_Plots_1972.csv, Barrow_Tundra_IBP_Species_Data_Repeat_Plots_1999.csv, Barrow_Tundra_IBP_Species_Data_Repeat_Plots_2008.csv, Barrow_Tundra_IBP_Species_Data_Repeat_Plots_2010.csv. vicinity of Barrow by Mather and Thornthwaite (1956), Weaver (1965), Kelley and Weaver (1969) and others. The North Slope Borough is committed to having healthy communities, economically, spiritually and culturally. These files contain species cover data for the vegetation plots. dry (DRY), moist (MST), wet (WET), aquatic/emergent (AQU), unknown (not recorded) (N). The water around it is normally ice-free for two or three months a year, but this was not the experience of the early explorers. 2013, Walker and Raynolds 2011). 4) Field observation of soil texture and horizon depth. Temperature for the warmest months in the arctic tundra ranges from 3-12° C (37- 57° F). It is the northernmost point of all the territory of the United States, at 71°23′20″N 156°28′45″W / 71.38889°N 156.47917°W , 1,122 nautical miles (1,291 mi; 2,078 km) south of the North Pole. It is 33 km (20.5 mi) northeast of the Rogers-Post Site, the scene of the airplane crash on August 15, 1935 that killed aviator Wiley Post and his passenger, the entertainer Will Rogers. The Barrow IBP vegetation plot data have been extensively analyzed, updated, and published. Forty-three (43) plots were assessed for estimated percent land cover by species and plot data including moisture, topographic position, slope, aspect, shape, and soil data. These data are available through the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Reference from which the environmental data were taken. Methods for quantifying pH vary. You’ll also get to see the site of the old village of Nuvuk, which was occupied 1,000 years before the arrival of the first Europeans and is now an important archaeological site. Mean height of the canopy within the stand (cm). Seedless vascular plant (ferns, horsetails, club mosses) cover (%). The desert biome is a very dry area, with very little amounts of plants and animals. [2] It is immediately adjacent to the Birnirk Site. 2018-12-31, Data Set Version: highest (1), high (2), high but incomplete (3), moderate (4), moderate and incomplete (5), low (6). The tundra at Barrow is considered coastal tundra located in the most northern region of North Slope and is characterized by various microtopographic features such as polygons, as well as many ponds and lakes. 6) Dry Salix rotundifolia heath (6 plots). At Barrow the sun remains above the horizon from 10 May until 2 August, yet the summer climate Arctic tundra bioclimate zone.

Tieszen, L.L. There are ten data files in comma-separated format (.csv) with this data set. In 1849 William Pullen rounded it in two whale boats after sending two larger boats back west because of the ice. Just west of the Alaska Airlines terminal at Ahkovak and Momegana Streets, is the Will Rogers and Wiley Post Monument. Even before the climate changes of the past decade, sea ice near Barrow has rarely been a solid, unbroken sheet stretching to the limitless horizon. Current Taxonomy according to the Panarctic Species List (PASL) without authors names, PASL_TAXON_SCIENTIFIC_NAME_WITH_AUTHOR(S), Current Taxonomy according to the Panarctic Species List (PASL), 1972-206 - 1972-1325 (33 repeated measurement plots for years 1972, 1999, 2008, and 2010), ----------------------------------------------------------------, 1972-315 - 1972-1326 (10 single measurement plots, measured in 1972 only). Over thousands of years, the remains of plants (and animals) that never fully decomposed have become part of the frozen soil in Alaska, Canada, northern Europe, and Russia. This data set provides vegetation cover and environmental plot data collected as part of the International Biological Program (IBP), U. S. Tundra Biome Program, in Barrow, Alaska in 1972. 2) Survey of vegetation species and quantification of species cover as described above. Datum is WGS84. Puffins belong to the Alcid family, a group of diving birds that swim underwater using their wings for propulsion and their feet for steering. [6] In 1890, it returned as Point Barrow, which also included the Refuge & Whaling Station and native settlements of Nuwuk, Ongovehenok and winter village on "Kugaru" (Inaru) River. Documentation Revision Date: Broad categories: gravel (GRV), sand (SND), silt (SLT), clay (CLY), loam (LOM), organic (if no mineral soil within the active layer) (ORG). You’ll also get to see the site of the old village of Nuvuk, which was occupied 1,000 years before the arrival of the first Europeans and is now an important archaeological site. Webber also provided insight on the quality of these and other datasets collected using his plant community sampling method at the Alaska AVA Boulder Workshop (Webber 2014). Webber, P. J. Point Barrow, a headland nine miles from town, is where the Chukchi and Beaufort seas meet. Fratercula cirrhata (Tufted Puffin) Fratercula corniculata (Horned Puffin) Basic Info. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1535. Aspect of relevé (degrees). The North Slope of Alaska (NSA) atmospheric observatory is providing data about cloud and radiative processes at high latitudes. If source differs, approximate accuracy (m). Direct link to the plot archive record in the Arctic Geoecological Atlas: http://agc.portal.gina.alaska.edu/catalogs/10178-alaska-arctic-vegetation-archive-barrow-vegeta. Note files with either repeated or single measurements. Region as indicated by author. The Alaska North Slope is the region of the U.S. state of Alaska located on the northern slope of the Brooks Range along the coast of two marginal seas of the Arctic Ocean, the Chukchi Sea being on the western side of Point Barrow, and the Beaufort Sea on the eastern. GPS (GPS), Google Earth (GE), map (MAP), aerial photograph (PHOTO), None (NONE). Point Barrow has been a jumping-off point for many Arctic expeditions, including the Wilkins-Detroit Arctic Expeditions and the April 15, 1928, Eielson-Wilkins flight across the Arctic Ocean to Spitsbergen. The lack of trees is due to the lack of rain in the area. Contact for Data Center Access Information: Brown, J., K.R. Webber, P.J., S. Villarreal, and C.E. 1980, Webber 1978, Webber et al. so named because between 1965 and 1972 it was a launch site for Nike-Cajun and Nike Apache sounding rockets. 3. Shape of the relevé area. This field is necessary as raw environmental data is often not included in the main publication. Original data from 1972 were classified and community descriptions were published as a report (Webber & Ebert 1973) and as a component of IBP books (Brown et al. 10) Wet Dupontia fisheri-Eriophorum angustifolium meadow (6 plots). The Tundra Biome’s intensive study site is situ- ated on the open tundra approximately 3 km. One file (.csv format) provides above- and below-ground biomass and leaf area index (LAI) data for a wet arctic tundra meadow (Biome research site 2, Dupontia meadow, vegetation type V) studied from 1970 to 1971 at Point Barrow, Alaska, USA, (71.30 N -156.67 W Elevation 5 m). Average Weather in Barrow Alaska, United States. 2016b, Walker 2013). It is the northernmost point of the United States. highest (1), high (2), high but incomplete (3), moderate (4), moderate and incomplete (5), low (6). 2014. Ambio 40:705-716. A gateway to the Arctic ocean, the history in this part of the world dates back to 500 AD … Will change over time. Includes land cover, topographic position, slope, aspect, shape, soil moisture, and soil data. Mean thickness of the moss layer including live and dead moss (cm). Percent cover were only calculated for 2010. One file (.csv format) provides above- and below-ground biomass and leaf area index (LAI) data for a wet arctic tundra meadow (Biome research site 2, Dupontia meadow, vegetation type V) studied from 1970 to 1971 at Point Barrow, Alaska, USA, (71.30 N -156.67 W Elevation 5 m). The vegetation plot data provided are summaries of the ten 1 x 1-m sub-plots. Beechey could not reach it by ship and had to send a ship's boat ahead. natural vegetation (NAT) or anthropologically disturbed (DIS). Turboveg record number sequentially assigned during data entry. relevé (R), other (O). The headland is an important archaeological site, yielding burials and artifacts associated with the Thule culture, including uluit and bola. Georeference source. Keeling, S.C. Piper, A.F. The Barrow vegetation plots were originally described and mapped by Dr. Patrick J. Webber in 1972 as part of the International Biological Program (IBP). 1973. (The northernmost point on the North American mainland, Murchison Promontory in Canada, is 40 miles (64 km) farther north.) Also known as Barrow, Utqiaġvik is the northern most settlement in US Alaska. Plot Environmental Data -- Vegetation plot observation and measurement data. In the early 1950s investigations by the U.S. Geological Survey (Brewer 1958) demonstrated the influence of lakes, ocean and buildings on near-surface permafrost temperature regimes and illustrated the characteristic zero curtain during the annual freeze-thaw cycles of 1951 and 1952. Station Data. Subjective assessment of taxonomic quality of the cryptogam data by the party that submitted the plot. Arctic Vegetation Plots for IBP Tundra Biome, Barrow, Alaska, 1972-2010. McKendrick, J. D., V. Ott and G. A. Mitchell. State/territory: Alaska (study sites around Barrow), Spatial Resolution: Point resolution. Plot numbers are the same each year. Figure 2. 1980, Webber 1978, Webber et al. 1) is situated near Barrow, Alaska (71018'N, 156042'W). The coastal tundra at Barrow. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. 2011). Necessary for judgements on ‘edge effects’. Environmental characterization data for research plots. Note that functional type percent covers for 2010 were calculated from species cover data by Sandra Villarreal (2012). For example, Nome city in Alaska occurs in a tundra biome. Productivity of a coastal tundra was studied from 1970 to 1972 at Point Barrow, Alaska, USA. New York: Springer Verlag, Chap. Pages 37-112 in L. L. Tieszen, editor. The decrease in biomass in 2008 occurred during a lemming population peak. (The northernmost point on the North American mainland, Murchison Promontoryin Canada, is 40 miles (64 km) farther north.) At Barrow the sun remains above the horizon from 10 May until 2 August, yet the summer climate Even during the winter, some ice would be grounded in shallow waters near the shore, but farther out, long breaks would develop in the floating ice as winds and ocean currents push and pull at it. Data for functional type percent covers for 2010 only. Point Barrow or Nuvuk is a headland on the Arctic coast in the U.S. state of Alaska, 9 miles (14 km) northeast of Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow). An Arctic ecosystem: the coastal tundra at Barrow, Alaska. Domain: Core ABoVE region. It is the northernmost point of all the territory of the United States, at 71°23′20″N 156°28′45″W / 71.38889°N 156.47917°W / 71.38889; -156.47917 (Point Barrow)Coordinates: 71°23′20″N 156°28′45″W / 71.38889°N 156.47917°W / 71.38889; -156.47917 (Point Barrow), 1,122 nautical miles (1,291 mi; 2,078 km) south of the North Pole. Download this stock image: . The North Slope Borough is committed to having healthy communities, economically, spiritually and culturally. 2012.Multi-Decadal Changes in Tundra Environments and Ecosystems: The International Polar Year-Back to the Future Project (IPY-BTF). Here’s another unique opportunity: To see the very northernmost point in the U.S. You can take a full-day tour to experience this rugged outpost. Tweedie, C. E.2013. The 10-cm strip is used for cover assessment and the 90-cm sub-plot for species presence. NPP Tundra: Point Barrow, Alaska, 1970-1972, R1 This data set contains three data files. Each plot was a minimum of 10 m2, Temporal Coverage: 1972-08-01  2010-08-01. The Borough works with the tribes, cities, corporations, schools, and businesses to support a strong culture, encourage families and employees to choose a healthy lifestyle, and sustain a vibrant economy. Column name syntax is YYYY-plot number, where YYYY = 1972, 1999, 2008, or 2010. Akureyri, Iceland. Included data files and companion file. For Iñui… Point Barrow. The pH reported by author. It reported 152 residents, of which 143 were Native, 8 were "other race" and 1 was White. In 1826 John Franklin tried to reach it from the east and was blocked by ice. In addition to the numerous data synthesis and analysis papers resulting from this repeating sampling activity, Webber also provided insight on the quality of these and other datasets collected using his plant community sampling method at the Alaska AVA Boulder Workshop (Webber 2014). T. V., C. E. Tweedie, J. Ackerman, C. Andrews, J. Bergstedt, et al. As part of the International Biological Program’s (IBP) Tundra Biome project at Barrow, Alaska, the microclimatic regimes of that region are being investi- gated. Point Barrow, northernmost point of Alaska, U.S., situated on the Arctic Ocean.Archaeological evidence dates human habitation (by Inupiaq Eskimos) in the area from about 500 ce.The headland was explored in 1826 by Frederick W. Beechey and named for Sir John Barrow, British promoter of Arctic exploration; its Inupiaq name is Ukpeagvik, meaning “Place Where Owls Are Hunted.” Plot data reported in *_Single_Plots_1972.csv are for 10 plots not relocated in 1999 for repeated measurements. *_Repeat_Plots_YYYY, report data for the 33 plots sampled on all 4 events on the respective year. Tweedie. NSF Arctic Data Center. The tundra at Barrow is considered coastal tundra located in the most northern region of North Slope and is characterized by various microtopographic features such as polygons, as well as many ponds and lakes. inland from Barrow at 71 ’ 18’ N., 156’41’ W., and is characterized … Point Barrow is an important geographical landmark, mark… Climate data in this data set are from the weather station at Barrow, Alaska (71.30 N 156.78 W) at an elevation of 31 m. The study plots for biomass measurements in 1970-1971 were 6 m x 6 m in size. Table number(s) in which species data occur in the reference for species data. Latitude (decimal degrees). 2012) and as part of a synthesis of the larger IPY Back to the Future project (Callaghan et al. Ecology 56(2): 401-409. That equals 1,167 kilometers or 630 nautical miles. square (S), rectangle (R), linear/band-forming (L), circular (O), irregular (I), more subplots combined (C), unknown (not-recorded) (N). The savanna biome is basically grassland with very few trees. Only 30% of sunlight is visible from the forest floor. John Simpson's native map dated 1855, records the name "Otkiawik," which was misprinted on the subsequent British Admiralty Chart as "Otkiovik." Study Area (All latitude and longitude given in decimal degrees). ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Bollenbacher and J.S. The tundra at Barrow is considered coastal tundra located in the most northern region of North Slope and is characterized by various microtopographic features such as polygons, as well as many ponds and lakes. The name was first recorded, by colonizers, in 1853 as "Ot-ki-a-wing" by Commander Rochfort Maguire, Royal Navy. Barrow weather averages and climate Barrow, Alaska. The database contains vegetation plots from homogeneous plant communities with tables of cover or cover-abundance scores for all species and accompanying environmental site data. IPY Back to the Future (BTF): Re-sampling old research sites to assess change in high latitude terrestrial ecosystem structure and function. 8) Moist Carex aquatilis-Oncophorus wahlenbergii meadow (4 plots). 1980. Has the relevé been sampled more than once? Refer to reference to determine methods used. Table 2. State/territory: Alaska (study sites around Barrow) Grid cells: Ahh1Avv0Bh2Bv1. 1980. 7) Mesic Carex aquatilis-Poa arctica meadow (12 plots). Ground-based research and models suggest that release of this carbon as permafrost thaws is going to accelerate global … Method used to collect vegetation-plot data. Each plot was a minimum of 10 m2. 2012.Estimated change in tundra ecosystem function near Barrow, Alaska between 1972 and 2010.Environmental Research Letters 7:015507 89 Canadian Arctic (Polunin 1948) and the Western Taimyr, USSR (Matveyeva et al. Will specify the source of the name in the previous field. On the flip side, the northerly U.S. city called Point Barrow, experiences annual precipitation levels of 4.3 inches. Tundra vegetation change near Barrow, Alaska (1972-2010). For example, could be land management unit, national park, or mountain range. The AVA-AK is a regional database that is part of the larger Arctic Vegetation Archive (Walker 2016a, Walker et al. Point Barrow. Photos of Plot 1319 during repeated measurements. The field is left blank to indicate the plot had no boundaries or no estimate of the sampled area. There are still summer cabins constructed by locals and used for subsistence hunting and fishing in this area. The mean average temperature vary according to location, with temperatures of -12° C (10° F) in Point Barrow, Alaska located at (71.3 ° N) to -28° C (-18° F) at the Northern region of Greenland (71° N). Ecological investigations of the tundra biome in the Prudhoe Bay region, Alaska. Climate change in the Arctic and Boreal region is unfolding faster than anywhere else on Earth. [7] It did not report in 1900, but appeared again from 1910-1940. 0732885). Everett, P.J. The nature and appropriateness, to the Arctic Vegetation Archive (AVA), of data sets gathered using the Webber plant community sampling method. The Vegetation Pattern and Succession. In 1999, 2008, and 2010, 33 of the same plots were resampled for these same measures as part of the IPY "Back to the Future: Resampling old research sites to assess changes in high latitude terrestrial ecosystem structure and function" project. In Barrow, the summers are very cold; the winters are long, frigid, dry, and windy; and it is overcast year round. Tieszen, L. L. (1978) Photosynthesis in the principal Barrow, Alaska, species: A summary of field and laboratory responses. Occupation continued into the 1940s. 1978. There is also a companion file with plot photos documenting multiple sampling events. In Walker, D.A. Prefixes: Alaska (1), Russia (2), Canada (3). The Tundra Biome aquatic site (Fig. Group of Inuits of America's Arctic coastline who came to visit the camp of the Canadian explorer Vilhjalmur Stefanson, near Point Barrow. Figure 3. The Tundra Biome aquatic site (Fig. Temporal Coverage: 1972-08-01 2010-08-01. Author's plot number or code if it differs from the reference for the species table. 3. Forty-three sites, or plots, were originally established in 1972 and were used to characterize 10 plant communities for the IBP project including: 2) Arctophila fulva pond margin (2 plots), 4) Cochlearia officinalis pioneer meadow and creek bed (2 plots).